Ukufunda Iindlela Ezisisiseko Zokusebenzisa IiValve Zokunceda

NdinguVictor. Ndinefektri engama-6,000 m² eTshayina kwaye ndingumntu odumileyo ivalvu yokunceda ingcali.

1. Ulawulo loxinzelelo kunye nomsebenzi wokuphuphuma koxinzelelo

Kwinkqubo ye-hydraulic esebenza ngepompo yokufuduka esisigxina, kufuneka inqanaba elithile loxinzelelo ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zomthwalo osebenzayo. Inkqubo ifuna "ulawulo loxinzelelo"—oko kukuthi, ukumisela uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza kwe- Impompo yeHydraulicKwelinye icala, xa i-actuator ingafuni ukuhamba okuninzi kangako, ipompo yokufuduka esisigxina isabonelela ngokuhamba rhoqo. Indlela ekuphela kwayo yokusingatha ukuhamba okugqithisileyo kukudlula kwivalvu yokunceda, egcwalisa ioyile engaphezulu ibuyele etankini. Ngaphandle koku, ukuhamba okugqithisileyo kuya kubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwenkqubo lunyuke luye kwinqanaba eliphezulu eliyingozi. Ke ngoko, kwinkqubo yamandla e-hydraulic yepompo yokufuduka esisigxina, ivalvu yokunceda isebenza imisebenzi "yokulawula uxinzelelo," "ukunciphisa uxinzelelo," kunye "nokuphuphuma," njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3-1(a).

2. Umsebenzi woKhuseleko loKhuseleko

Kwinkqubo ye-hydraulic apho ipompo yokutshintsha-tshintsha isebenza njengomthombo wamandla, ukuhamba kwepompo kudla ngokulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nomthwalo, ngoko ke kudla ngokuba kuncinci ukuhamba okugqithisileyo. Uxinzelelo lwayo olusebenzayo lumiselwa ngumthwalo. ivalvu yokunceda Ivula kuphela ukuba igcwale xa uxinzelelo ludlula ixabiso elimiselweyo, nto leyo ethintela ukunyuka koxinzelelo, ikhusela inkqubo ekugqithiseni kakhulu, kwaye isebenza njengomsebenzi wokhuseleko, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3-1(b).

3. Ukwanda okanye Ukukhulula Uxinzelelo Lwepompo Xa Lufuneka

Kolu hlobo lwenkqubo ye-hydraulic, i-solenoid esebenza ivalvu yokunceda isetyenziswa, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3-1(c). Xa i-solenoid inikwe amandla, i-port yokulawula yangaphandle ye ivalvu yokunceda iqhagamshelwe kwitanki, nto leyo evumela ukuba ipompo ikwazi ukukhulula.

4. Ulawulo loxinzelelo olukude kunye nolawulo loxinzelelo olunezigaba ezimbini

KuMfanekiso 3-1(d), ivalvu yokulawula uxinzelelo olukude ifakwe kwindawo efanelekileyo yokusebenza. Izibuko lolawulo lwangaphandle X (izibuko lolawulo olukude) lohlobo lwepilot Ivalvu yoNcedo oluPhambili iqhagamshelwe kwivalvu yokulawula uxinzelelo ekude (ivavu yokunceda enomgangatho ophantsi woxinzelelo). Oko kukuthi, igumbi eliphezulu le Ivalvu yoNcedo oluPhambili i-spool iqhagamshelwe kwi-external control port X. Xa i-solenoid valve ingasebenzi, ngokukhawuleza xa uxinzelelo olulungisiweyo lufikelela kwindawo yokubeka i-remote pressure control valve, i-main valve spool iyaphakama ukuze idlule (i-pilot valve yayo ayisasebenzi kulawulo loxinzelelo)—ngaloo ndlela ifikelela kulawulo loxinzelelo olukude. Xa i-solenoid valve inikwe amandla kwaye indawo yasekhohlo isebenza, uxinzelelo lulawulwa yi Ivalvu yoNcedo oluPhambiliXa ivalvu yesolenoid inikwe amandla kwaye indawo efanelekileyo isebenza, uxinzelelo lulawulwa yivalvu yokulawula uxinzelelo olukude. Oku kunika inkqubo ye-hydraulic uxinzelelo olubini olusebenzayo, olwaziwa ngokuba lulawulo loxinzelelo olunezigaba ezibini.

Umfanekiso 3-1: Ukusetyenziswa kweeValvu zoNcedo

5. Ulawulo loxinzelelo olunezigaba ezininzi

Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 4-60, ii-port ze-A1 kunye ne-B1 zevalvu ye-solenoid yepilot evaliweyo ziqhagamshelwe kwivalvu yokunceda echanekileyo enezigaba ezimbini kunye nezintathu (ivalvu elawula uxinzelelo) ngokwahlukeneyo. Ukuba ivalvu ephambili, iivalvu zokunceda ezisebenza ngqo ezinezigaba ezimbini, kunye neezigaba ezintathu zilungelelaniswe kwiingcinezelo ezahlukeneyo, ulawulo loxinzelelo lwezigaba ezintathu lunokufezekiswa. Umzekelo, ukuba i-P1 = 20 MPa, i-P2 = 10 MPa, kunye ne-P3 = 5 MPa, ngoko ke xa zombini ii-solenoids zingasebenzi, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yi-20 MPa; xa i-solenoid 1DT iyasebenza, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yi-10 MPa; xa i-solenoid 2DT iyasebenza, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yi-5 MPa. Ukuba kusetyenziswa ivalvu ye-solenoid yepilot evulekileyo rhoqo, inkqubo iyakhulula xa i-solenoid ingasebenzi. Ulawulo loxinzelelo lwezigaba ezininzi lufuna ukusetyenziswa kwevalvu yokunceda elawulwa ngaphandle.

Umfanekiso 3-2: Ulawulo loxinzelelo lweZigaba ezininzi (eziNqanaba ezintathu) ngeValve yoNcedo lweSolenoid

Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3-3, i-oyile yokulawula i-X ye-valve yokunceda eqhutywa yi-pilot 1 iqhagamshelwe kwi-valve ye-solenoid eneendawo ezintathu eneendlela ezine 4. Ii-ports A kunye ne-B ze-solenoid valve nganye iqhagamshelwe kwi-valve elawula uxinzelelo (i-valve yokunceda esebenza ngqo) 2 kunye ne-3 ngokulandelelana. Xa ii-valve ezintathu zokunceda 1, 2, kunye ne-3 zilungelelaniswe kwiingcinezelo ezahlukeneyo P1, P2, kunye ne-P3 ngokulandelelana, ulawulo loxinzelelo lwenkqubo olunezigaba ezintathu lunokufezekiswa. Qaphela ukuba i-P2 kunye ne-P3 kufuneka zibe ngaphantsi kwe-P1; kungenjalo, aziyi kusebenza.

Umfanekiso 3-3: Isekethe yoLawulo loXinzelelo oluneZigaba eziThathu

1-3 — Iivalvu Zokunceda; 4 — Iivalvu ZeSolenoid Ezine-position Ezintathu

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